Teeth are hard, calcified structures found in the mouths of many vertebrates, primarily used for biting, chewing, and grinding food. They also play important roles in speech and facial aesthetics. Teeth are made of several materials, with enamel being the hardest substance in the human body, covering the tooth’s crown. Beneath the enamel is dentin, a softer tissue that supports the tooth structure, and the pulp, which contains nerves and blood vessels.